EVALUATION OF COLOR-TO-GRAYSCALE CONVERSIONS

Chief investigator: Martin Čadík, email: cadikm@centrum.cz, homepage: http://cadik.posvete.cz/

Project web page: http://cadik.posvete.cz/color_to_gray_overview/

Project description:

The goal of the project is an overview and evaluation of state-of the art color-to-grayscale image conversions. We conduct both the subjective and objective comparisons of the methods using LDR and HDR benchmarks.

Black-and-white photography has not lost any of its artistic appeal despite the wide availability of color imaging processes. Accordingly, the conversion from color to grayscale is an important piece of the computational photography puzzle. Furthermore, color images often have to be converted to grayscale for reproduction, or for subsequent processing. To that end, color-to-grayscale conversions basically perform a reduction of the three dimensional color data into one dimension. The aim of color-to-grayscale conversions is usually to produce perceptually plausible grayscale results. Unfortunately, no analogous conversion is naturally present in the human visual system (HVS). However, one may measure perceptual differences between colors in subjective psychophysical experiments. Moreover, it is evident that some loss of information due to the conversion is inevitable. The other goal is therefore to reproduce maximum information from the original color image in the grayscale.

In conventional black-and-white photography, gray tones are determined by the spectral sensitivity of the emulsion, and can be modified in an active way by selecting different filters to enhance a specific part of the spectrum. This analog multispectral technique can now be emulated digitally, and this approach to the problem can be considered as a global color-to-gray conversion. Additionally, local approaches to color-to-grayscale conversion have been proposed. These are conceptually similar to local HDR tone mapping methods, because they aim at preserving color contrasts by introducing chrominance information locally into the luminance channel. Unfortunately, this may also lead to undesirable artifacts, and high computational complexity.


COLOR-TO-GRAYSCALE IMAGE CONVERSION

Color-to-grayscale Conversion


IMPLEMENTED CONVERSIONS

Original image Grayscale result Conversion description
   

CIE Y channel
   

Raja Bala, Reiner Eschbach

Spatial Color-to-Grayscale Transform Preserving Chrominance Edge Information

Spatial Color-to-Grayscale Transform Preserving Chrominance Edge Information


   

Amy A. Gooch, Sven C. Olsen, Jack Tumblin, Bruce Gooch

Color2Gray: Salience-Preserving Color Removal

Color2Gray: Salience-Preserving Color Removal


   

K. Rasche, R. Geist, J. Westall

Re-coloring Images for Gamuts of Lower Dimension

Detail Preserving Color Transformation


   

Mark Grundland, Neil A. Dodgson

Decolorize: Fast, Contrast Enhancing, Color to Grayscale Conversion

Decolorize: Fast, Contrast Enhancing,Color to Grayscale Conversion


   

Laszlo Neumann, Martin Cadik, Antal Nemcsics

An Efficient Perception-Based Adaptive Color to Gray Transformation

Perceptually-Plausible Conversion of Images to Grayscale


   

Kaleigh Smith, Pierre-Edouard Landes, Jöelle Thollot, Karol Myszkowski

Apparent Greyscale: A Simple and Fast Conversion to Perceptually Accurate Images and Video

Apparent Greyscale: A Simple and Fast Conversion to Perceptually Accurate Images and Video


   

Yongjin Kim, Cheolhun Jang, Julien Demouth, Seungyong Lee

Robust Color-to-gray via Nonlinear Global Mapping

Project webpage


   

Zhinan Xu, Julien Demouth, Seungyong Lee

Optimization-based Image Decolorization

Code on github


   

Soonmin Bae, Sylvain Paris, Fredo Durand Julien Demouth, Seungyong Lee

Two-scale Tone Management for Photographic Look

Project webpage


   

Cosmin Ancuti, Codruta O. Ancuti

Laplacian-guided image decolorization

Project webpage


   

Xiuyu Zheng, Jie Feng, Bingfeng Zhou

Efficient Color-to-Gray Conversion for Digital Images in Gradient Domain
   

Zhongping Ji, Mei-e Fang, Yigang Wang, Weiyin Ma

Efficient decolorization preserving dominant distinctions

Paper


   

Jiaojiao Xiong, Hongyang Lu, Qiegen Liu, Xiaoling Xu

Parametric ratio-based method for efficient contrast-preserving decolorization
   

Bin Jin and Sabine Susstrunk

Preserving Perceptual Contrast in Decolorization with Optimized Color Orders
   

Ali Alsam, Oyvind Kolas

Grey Colour Sharpening

Grey Colour Sharpening




METHODS TO IMPLEMENT (i.e. possible student projects/master's thesis topics)

   TODO  

David Hafner and Joachim Weickert

Variational Image Fusion with Optimal Local Contrast


http://www.mia.uni-saarland.de/Research/Image_Fusion/index.shtml
   TODO

Raja Bala, Karen M. Braun

Color-to-Grayscale Conversion to Maintain Discriminability

Color-to-Grayscale Conversion to Maintain Discriminability


   TODO

Baldrich, R., Vanrell, M., Benavente, R., Salvatella, A.

Color image enhancement based on perceptual sharpening

Color image enhancement based on perceptual sharpening


   TODO

de Queiroz, R.L.; Braun, K.M.

Color to gray and back: color embedding into textured gray images

Color to gray and back: color embedding into textured gray images


   TODO

Drew, Mark S.; Connah, David; Finlayson, Graham D.; Bloj, Marina

Improved colour to greyscale via integrability correction

Paper


   TODO

Ali Alsam and Mark S. Drew

Fast Colour2Grey, Fast Multispectral2Gray

Paper


   TODO

Zhang, Yi and Chen, Chun and Bu, Jiajun and Song, Mingli and Pang, Chen and Sun, Zhuo

A Kernel Based Algorithm for Fast Color-to-Gray Processing

Image and Signal Processing, 2008.


   TODO

Giovane R. Kuhn and Manuel M. Oliveira and Leandro A. F. Fernandes

An improved contrast enhancing approach for color-to-grayscale mappings

Paper


   TODO

Ming Cuiand Jiuxiang Hu and Anshuman Razdan and Peter Wonka

Color-to-gray conversion using ISOMAP

Paper


   TODO

Tae-Hee Lee, Byoung-Kwang Kim, Woo-Jin Song

Converting color images to grayscale images by reducing dimensions

Paper


   TODO

Luca Benedetti, Massimiliano Corsini, Paolo Cignoni, Marco Callieri, Roberto Scopigno

Color to gray conversions in the context of stereo matching algorithms
   TODO

Ye Zhao, Zakiya Tamimi

Spectral Image Decolorization
   TODO

D. Eynard, A. Kovnatsky, M. M. Bronstein

Laplacian colormaps: a framework for structure-preserving color transformations
   TODO

Chuong T. Nguyen, Joseph P. Havlicek

Color to grayscale image conversion using modulation domain quadratic programming

Paper


   TODO

Zhengmeng Jin, Michael K. Ng

A contrast maximization method for color-to-grayscale conversion

Paper


   TODO

Cewu Lu, Li Xu, Jiaya Jia

Contrast Preserving Decolorization with Perception-Based Quality Metrics
   TODO

Jung Gap Kuk, Jae Hyun Ahn, Nam Ik Cho

A Color to Grayscale Conversion Considering Local and Global Contrast
   TODO

Wei Zhu, Ruizhen Hu, Ligang Liu

Grey Conversion via Perceived-contrast
   TODO

Rodrigo Palma-Amestoy, Edoardo Provenzi, Marcelo Bertalmio, Vincent Caselles

A Perceptually Inspired Variational Framework for Color Enhancement
   TODO

Cheryl Lau, Wolfgang Heidrich, Rafal Mantiuk

Cluster-Based Color Space Optimizations
   TODO

Shaodi You, Nick Barnes, Janine Walker

Perceptually Consistent Color-to-Gray Image Conversion
   TODO

Ranbeer Tyagi, Geetam Singh Tomar

Transformation of Image from Color to Gray Scale Using Contrast among DPCM and LMS Method
   TODO

Jie Chen, Xin Li, Xiuchang Zhu, Jin Wang

Visual Perception Preserving Decolorization Method
   TODO

Qiegen Liu, Jiaojiao Xiong, Li Zhu, Minghui Zhang, Yuhao Wang

Extended RGB2Gray conversion model for efficient contrast preserving decolorization
   TODO

Hong-yang LU, Qie-gen LIU,Yu-hao WANG, Xiao-hua DENG

A two-stage parametric subspace model for efficient contrast-preserving decolorization
   TODO

Wei Hu, Wei Li, Fan Zhang, Qian Du

Real-time Decolorization using Dominant Colors
   TODO

Hossein Ziaei Nafchi, Atena Shahkolaei, Rachid Hedjam, Mohamed Cheriet

CorrC2G: Color to Gray Conversion by Correlation
   TODO

Hao Du, Shengfeng He, Bin Sheng, Lizhuang Ma, Rynson W. H. Lau

Saliency-Guided Color-to-Gray Conversion Using Region-Based Optimization
   TODO

Mingli Song, Dacheng Tao, Chun Chen, Xuelong Li, Chang Wen Chen

Color to Gray: Visual Cue Preservation
   TODO

Qiegen Liu, Peter X. Liu, Weisi Xie, Yuhao Wang, Dong Liang

GcsDecolor: Gradient Correlation Similarity for Efficient Contrast Preserving Decolorization
   TODO

Qiegen Liu, Peter Xiaoping Liu, Yuhao Wang, Henry Leung

Semiparametric Decolorization With Laplacian-Based Perceptual Quality Metric
   TODO

Qiegen Liu, Sanqian Li, Jiaojiao Xiong, Binjie Qin

WpmDecolor: weighted projection maximum solver for contrast-preserving decolorization
   TODO

Soo-Chang Pei, Wang-Lin Su, Chiou-Shann Fuh

Local and Global Contrast Preserving Decolorization using Gradient Matrix Correlation
   TODO

Yizhang Tao, Yiyi Shen, Bin Sheng, Ping Li, and Rynson W. H. Lau

Video Decolorization Using Visual Proximity Coherence Optimization
   TODO

Chengho Hsin, Hoai-Nam Le, Shaw-Jyh Shin

Color to Grayscale Transform Preserving Natural Order of Hues
   TODO

Qiegen Liu, Guangpu Shao, Yuhao Wang, Junbin Gao, and Henry Leung

Log-Euclidean Metrics for Contrast Preserving Decolorization
   TODO

Hanli Zhao, Haining Zhang, Xiaogang Jin

Efficient image decolorization with a multimodal contrast-preserving measure
   TODO

Xudong Kang and Puhong Duan and Shutao Li and Jón Atli Benediktsson

Decolorization-Based Hyperspectral Image Visualization
   TODO

Xiaoli Zhang and Shiguang Liu

Contrast preserving image decolorization combining global features and local semantic features
   TODO

Jun Liu, Faming Fang, Ning Du

Color-to-gray conversion with perceptual preservation and dark channel prior
   TODO

Shiguang Liu, Xiaoli Zhang

Image Decolorization combining Local Features and Exposure Features
   TODO

Qiegen Liu, Henry Leung

Variable augmented neural network for decolorization and multi-exposure fusion
   TODO

Menghan Xia, Xueting Liu, Tien-Tsin Wong

Invertible Grayscale
   TODO

He Chen, Faming Fang

Bregman-Tanimoto Based Method for Contrast Preserving Decolorization
   TODO

Cosmin Ancuti, Codruta O. Ancuti, Miquel Feixas, Mateu Sbert

Image Decolorization Based on Information Theory
   TODO

Orhan Akbulut

A new perspective on decolorization: feature-preserving decolorization
   TODO

Ali Alsam

Opponent Center-Surround Contrast: Colour to Grey Conversion
   TODO

Yong Du, Yangyang Xu, Taizhong Ye, Qiang Wen, Chufeng Xiao, Junyu Dong, Guoqiang Han, Shengfeng He

Invertible Grayscale with Sparsity Enforcing Priors
   TODO

Shiguang Liu, Huixin Wang, Xiaoli Zhang

Video Decolorization Based on the CNN and LSTM Neural Network
   TODO

Jing Yu, Fang Li, Xiaoguang Lv

Contrast preserving decolorization based on the weighted normalized L1 norm
   TODO

Ayça Ceylan, ve Burcu Tunga, Evrim Korkmaz özay

Color to Grayscale Image Conversion Using High Dimensional Model Representation
   TODO

Kunlin Liu, Dongdong Chen, Jing Liao, Weiming Zhang, Hang Zhou, Jie Zhang, Wenbo Zhou, Nenghai Yu

JPEG Robust Invertible Grayscale
   TODO

Prasoon Ambalathankandy, Yafei Ou, Masayuki Ikebe

Warm-cool color-based high-speed decolorization: an empirical approach for tone mapping applications


PUBLICATIONS

Author Title Publishing details
Čadík, M. Perceptual Evaluation of Color-to-Grayscale Image Conversions Computer Graphics Forum (Proceedings of Pacific Graphics 08), Vol. 27, Issue 7, pp. 1745-1754, 2008.
Neumann, L., Čadík, M., Nemcics, A. An Efficient Perception-Based Adaptive Color to Gray Transformation Proceedings of CAe 2007, p.73 - p.80. Banff, Canada, 2007, ISSN 1816-0859.


RESOURCES

Perceptual Evaluation of Color-to-Grayscale Image Conversions
Perceptually-Plausible Conversion of Images to Grayscale